Commercial goods also known as merchandise in baggage are goods (to sell or use in your business) where:

• a commercial transport operator does not carry them for you, or you do not pay them to carry them for you

• you’ve travelled to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) carrying goods either in:

  • your accompanied baggage
  • a small vehicle that can carry no more than 9 people and weighing 3.5 tonnes or less

You must declare all commercial goods. There is no duty free allowance for goods you are bringing in to sell or use in your business.

You do not need to make an import declaration if you’re bringing commercial goods in your baggage from Northern Ireland into Great Britain. You may arrive your declaration yourself or with the help of your customs agent.

What you’ll need

You, or someone dealing with customs for you, will need to:

1. Get an EORI number.

2. Declare the goods to HMRC.

3. Pay any Customs Duty or import VAT due.

How to declare

If you bring commercial goods into Great Britain you must make either:

• a full import declaration
• a simple online declaration
• an oral declaration at the ‘goods to declare’ channel or the red point phone in the customs area at the port

You have 5 days to declare the goods before you arrive in Great Britain if you make a simple online declaration.

You do not need to make a safety and security declaration for merchandise in baggage imports.

Making a full declaration

Submit a full import declaration before arriving into Great Britain

You must submit a full import declaration before you arrive in Great Britain if your goods:

• have a value of more than £2,500
• weigh more than 1,000kg in total
• are restricted goods or controlled goods — for example, that need a licence
• are alcohol, tobacco or fuel  (excise goods)

You must submit a full import declaration if you’re:

• claiming relief
• delaying paying duty
• accounting for VAT on your VAT Return

You’ll need specialist software to make a full import declaration electronically into the Customs Declaration Service.

You can get someone to deal with customs for you.

When you arrive at point of entry into Great Britain with your goods

After you’ve declared your goods, you’ll need to arrive your declaration using the Customs Declaration Service when you reach a point of entry into Great Britain.

You may arrive your declaration yourself or with the help of your customs agent.

You can arrive your declaration on the Customs Declaration Service using the customs facilities available at Stop24 in Folkestone if you:

• enter Great Britain through the ports of Dover or Eurotunnel Calais Terminal Coquelles
• or your agent is unable to arrive your declaration through the Customs Declaration Service.

High-risk movements

You’ll need to arrive your declaration at one of the pre-approved ports of entry before exiting the customs terminal if either:

• HMRC has identified you as a high-risk person
• you’re importing high-risk goods into Great Britain

High-risk persons are defined as persons who do not fulfil the fit and proper test. HMRC will tell you if they’ve identified you as a high-risk person.

Read Notices made under the Customs (Import Duty) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 which describe:

• the fit and proper test — regulation 85A(4)(b)
• what goods are high-risk — regulation 4(6E)
• ports where you can arrive high-risk movements — regulation 4(6E)

Making a simple online declaration

You can make a simple online declaration using the merchandise in baggage online service to declare commercial goods in accompanied baggage or small vehicles, if your goods:

• are coming to Great Britain
• have a value of less than £2,500
• weigh less than 1,000kg in total
• are not restricted goods or controlled goods — for example, that need a licence
• are not alcohol, tobacco or fuel (excise goods)

You cannot make a simple online declaration if your goods are being put into or taken out of a customs special procedure, or if you intend to claim a relief for these goods.

If you do not need to make a full declaration, you can make a simple online declaration in the 5 days before you arrive with your goods.

You will need to pay VAT but will not need to pay duty if both the following apply:

• you are bringing goods that meet the rules of origin under the UK-EU or other UK free trade agreements
• you have relevant documentation to certify that the goods meet these rules

If you are bringing in mixed consignment goods, the zero duty will only apply to the portion of goods that meets the rules of origin.

If your goods are under £1,000, you do not need to give a formal proof of origin, but HMRC may examine the goods or packaging to make an assessment on the declaration.

What declaring online allows you to do

Declaring online allows you to:

• pay in advance
• go through the green channel (nothing to declare)
• add goods to a declaration you’ve already made, as long as all the goods combined:
  • have a value of less than £2,500
  • weigh less than 1,000kg in total
  • are not restricted goods or controlled goods — for example, that need a licence
  • are not alcohol, tobacco or fuel (excise goods)

If you choose to make a simple online declaration, you will not be able to account for import VAT on your VAT Return.

Making an oral declaration

If you do not want to declare and pay in advance with a simple online declaration, you can go to the ‘goods to declare’ red channel or the red point phone in the customs area to declare your goods and pay what you owe.

You can only do this if your total goods are £2,500 or less in value and meet all other criteria for making a simple online declaration.

It is your responsibility to check if a red channel or red point phone is available at your point of entry before your departure.

GettingRequesting duty and VAT refunds if you’re VAT registered 

You’ll need to pay import VAT, whether you’re registered for VAT or not.

You maycan beadjust ableyour VAT records to askreflect the import VAT you’ve paid by accounting for aVAT refundon afteryour VAT Return.

If you’ve made an online declaration, you’ll need to keep evidence of your declaration to allow you to recover the import VAT.

Customs duty can be refunded if:

• you domade nota travelmistake in your declaration
• yourthe goods are lost or destroyed
• you beforedid theynot reachtravel

How to ask for a refund if you’re VAT registered

To ask for a refund, use the UKC83 declaration refund form if you made:

• a simplified online declaration using the Online Declaration Service
• youa makedeclaration to a mistakeBorder whenForce youofficer workat outa yourred dutychannel or via a red point phone

ToUse get a refund,C285 form, if you used the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) to make a full import declaration.

You must apply within:

• 3 years of making the overpayment of Customs Duty or import VAT
• 12 months for customs duty you’ve paid on damaged or defective goods
• 3 years if after making a declaration you did not actually travel

Requesting duty and VAT refunds if you’re not VAT registered  

FindYou outcan howonly toask claimfor a refund forof Customsimport DutyVAT and alsoCustoms useDuty thisif:

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How to ask for a refund if you’re not VAT registered

To ask for VAT.a refund, use the C83 declaration refund form if you made:

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• a declaration service,to youa canBorder claimForce officer at a refundred bychannel completingor via a red point phone

Use the C285 form, C83.if you used the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) to make a full import declaration.

You must apply within:

3 years of making the overpayment of Customs Duty or import VAT
12 months for duty you’ve paid on damaged or defective goods
3 years if after making a declaration you did not actually travel

C83 Customs Duty and import VAT refund form

C83 online declaration refund

PDF, 55 KB, 2 pages

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Request an accessible format.

If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email different.format@hmrc.gov.uk. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.

Only use this form if you made:

• a simplified online declaration using the Online Declaration Service
• a declaration to a Border Force officer at a red channel or via a red point phone

How to complete the form

You need to:

1. Download and save the form on your computer.

2. Open it using the the latest free version of Adobe Reader.

3. Complete it on-screen.

Read the accessibility statement for HMRC forms.

It may not work if you try to open it in your internet browser. If the form does not open, contact the online services helpdesks for more help.

If you’re VAT registered

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