Bovine TB testing intervals

Cattle, buffalo and bison keepers must test their animals for bovine tuberculosis (TB) as part of a regime that reflects the regional risks of the disease.

You must complete the TB testing within the time frame given by the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA).

If you do not meet the deadlines, APHA will:

• apply movement restrictions to your animals
• notify the paying agencies in Scotland and Wales

You may also get:

• a reduction of reactor compensation payments
• in Scotland and Wales a reduction of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) scheme payments under cross compliance - overdue TB testing may be considered an intentional breach

APHA will take all the necessary steps to:

• facilitate the completion of the overdue testing
• recover reasonably incurred testing expenses

There are different surveillance TB testing intervals in England, Wales and Scotland.

You can find the testing interval for your county or area (by parish) by checking the:

• TB testing search tool
• England TB testing intervals list (ODS, 234 KB)
• Wales TB testing intervals list (ODS, 39.2 KB)
• Scotland TB testing intervals list (PDF, 230 KB, 22 pages)

You can also check the map of the TB testing intervals in Great Britain (PDF, 896 KB, 1 page).

England TB testing intervals

In England, the surveillance TB testing intervals are based on the regional level of disease risk.

The default TB testing intervals for herds are:

• 4 years in the low risk area (LRA)
• 6 or 12 months in the edge area
• 6 months in the high risk area (HRA)

Table 1: England TB testing intervals

HRA: 6-monthlysix-monthly testing	Edge area: 6-monthlysix-monthly testing	Edge area: annual testing	LRA: 4-yearly testing
Avon	Berkshire (part)	Berkshire (part)	Bedfordshire
Cornwall	Cheshire	Buckinghamshire	Cambridgeshire
Devon	Derbyshire (part)	Derbyshire (part)	Cleveland
Dorset	Hampshire (part)	East Sussex	County Durham
Gloucestershire	Oxfordshire	Hampshire (part)	Cumbria
Hereford	Warwickshire	Leicestershire	Essex
Shropshire		Northamptonshire	Greater London
Somerset		Nottinghamshire	Greater Manchester
Staffordshire			Hertfordshire
West Midlands			Humberside
Wiltshire			Isle of Wight
Worcester			Isles of Scilly
			Kent
			Lancashire
			Lincolnshire
			Merseyside
			Norfolk
			Northumberland
			North Yorkshire
			South Yorkshire
			Suffolk
			Surrey
			Tyne & Wear
			West Sussex
			West Yorkshire

For more information, see the:

• England TB testing intervals list (ODS, 234 KB) - by parish
• bovinePrinciples TBthat surveillanceapply to calculate the current routine herd testing frequency in England (policy paper)

Changes to your individual herd’s surveillance testing intervals

If your herd is in a 6-monthlysix-monthly surveillance testing area, it may be eligible for annual testing. This rewards cattle keepers whose herds have a reduced risk of a TB breakdown.

You will need to meet at least one of the criteria:

• your herd has not had a TB breakdown for at least 6 years
• you’re proactively trying to increase the resilience of your cattle to bovine TB by participating in a Cattle Health Certification Standards (CHECS) licensed bovine TB health scheme - CHECS TB entry level membership does not apply

In the LRA or annual testing parts of the edge area, you may need to follow a more intensive TB testing regime (radial testing). This is if your herd is within a 3 kilometre radius of a new lesion or culture positive TB breakdown herd.

Herds located in a TB hotspot or an Enhanced Surveillance Area might require more frequent testing – this might be every 6, 12 or 24 months.

In the LRA you may also need to follow a more frequent testing regime byif defaultyour herd is considered to be at higher risk of becoming infected or spreading TB, or for public health reasons. For example if you are a cattle dealer, sell raw milk or have a city or open farm.

APHA will write to you if there are changes to your area or herd testing interval, explaining the reason for the change.

Pre-movement and post-movement testing

You must comply with statutory pre-movement testing requirements. This includes herds in the LRA that are tested moreannually frequentlyor thanmore thefrequently. default 4-yearly interval. For example, herds on radial testing.

There are a limited number of exemptions to pre-movement testing.

You must arrange and pay for post-movement tests if you bring in cattle from other areas of England or from Wales and your herd is in the:

• LRA of England
• annual surveillance testing parts of the edge area of England

Read the guidance on pre-movement and post-movement testing and exemptions.

Wales TB testing intervals

In Wales, there is annual herd testing, regardless of the regional level of disease risk. The only exception are herds in the Intensive Action Area (IAA) which are tested every 6 months as part of the additional cattle controls in this area.

There is a regionalised approach to eradicating TB in Wales with low, intermediate and high TB areas. This allows:

• area specific control measures

• improved monitoring of changing disease patterns

• tracking progress against eradication targets

Counties in Wales are divided into smaller areas called spatial units. Each unit covers several complete parishes and has standardised herd numbers.

There are 59 spatial units in Wales. Each unit contains 225 herds on average.

Each unit has a name made up of the 2 first letters of the county name and a number. For example CL7 is spatial unit 7 in Clwyd.

Find the TB area and spatial unit for each parish using the:

• Wales TB testing intervals list (ODS, 39.2 KB)
• Wales TB regionalisation map on the Welsh Government website

The latest Wales TB eradication programme delivery plan was published on 28 March 2023.

Pre-movement and post-movement testing - Wales

You must comply with statutory pre-movement testing requirements unless exempt. From 1 February 2024 herds in the low TB area of Wales are no longer exempt from pre-movement testing requirements, other exemptions may still apply.

Cattle keepers in the low TB area of Wales must comply with post-movement testing requirements (unless exempt) when moving cattle in from herds:

• in the intermediate and high TB areas of Wales
• in the high risk or edge areas of England
• from Northern Ireland

From 1 February 2024, cattle keepers in the intermediate TB areas of Wales must also comply with post-movement testing requirements (unless exempt) when moving cattle in from herds:

• in the high TB areas of Wales
• in the high risk area of England
• from Northern Ireland

Scotland TB testing intervals

Scotland has been officially TB free (OTF) since September 2009. Since 2009, low risk herds are exempt from the default routine testing regime of 4 years that applies to all other non-exempt herds.

Your herd is considered low risk if you either:

• have fewer than 50 cattle (total stock on farm at 1 January in the year the herd is assessed) which have no more than one consignment of cattle moved on from high incidence TB areas (including Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland) in the past 4 years
• slaughter more than 25% of your stock annually in each of the past 4 years and have had no more than one consignment of cattle moved on from high incidence TB areas (including Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland) in the past 4 years
• slaughter more than 40% of your stock annually in each of the past 4 years

Slaughtered animals are animals that have been on the holding for at least 60 days and move from the farm either:

• direct to a slaughterhouse
• direct to market and then to the slaughterhouse

It does not include animals moved on to another holding temporarily between market and slaughterhouse.

The annual slaughter rate is total number of cattle slaughtered in a slaughterhouse in the past calendar year divided by the herd size (total stock on farm on 1 January).

APHA annually assesses each individual herd’s eligibility for exemption from TB testing. They will write to you to confirm your herd’s exemption status.

On 18 May 2023, legislation changed to include:

• stricter pre-movement testing requirements for cattle
• a new definition for ‘isolation’ of reactors, inconclusive reactors (IRs) and direct contacts (DCs)
• new compensation reductions for unclean cattle slaughtered for TB control purposes and reactors, IRs and DCs not properly isolated on farm

For more information, see the:

• guidance on pre-movement and post-movement testing
• Scotland TB testing intervals list (PDF, 230 KB, 22 pages)
• Scottish government website for bovine TB control and surveillance in Scotland