This chapter and its annexes establish a robust state-to-state dispute settlement mechanism for resolving certain disputes, should they arise under the agreement.

The UK and India have agreed a modern and comprehensive Dispute Settlement chapter, which will ensure that trade disputes between the UK and India are dealt with in a consistent, fair, cost-effective, transparent, and timely manner. The mechanism balances strong enforcement with the encouragement of dispute prevention and early resolution.

This chapter will signal intent from the UK and India to uphold the agreement. The inclusion of a robust dispute settlement mechanism will also ensure the UK can enforce certain commitments that have been made under agreement.

The chapter ensures that dispute settlement proceedings will be suitably transparent, allowing interested businesses, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other entities to engage in the process while safeguarding confidential information.