Natural flood management programme

Natural flood management (NFM) uses natural processes to reduce the risk of flooding. These processes protect, restore, and mimic the natural functions of catchments, floodplains and the coast to slow and store water.

NFM measures can include:

• soil and land management
• river and floodplain management
• woodland management
• run-off management
• coast and estuary management

NFM can also provide wider benefits including:

• including enhancing habitats and biodiversity
• biodiversity, improving water quality and availability of drinking water
• improvingwater, carbon capture
• as well as boosting health and wellbeing

The NFM programme

In September 2023 the Environment Agency and Defra announced £25 million funding for improving flood resilience through a new NFM programme.

The Environment Agency is managing this programme.

The NFM Programme will help meet the aims of thethe:

• government’s policy statement on flooding and coastal erosion
• National Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy (FCERM) for England.

• government’s Environmental Improvement Plan

The programme will build on and apply what we learnt from the £15 million NFM pilot programme, which included 60 projects between 2017 and 2021.

Government has committed to double the number of government-funded projects that include nature-based solutions to reduce flooding and coastal erosion risk. Our target is for 260 NFM projects between 2021 and 2027. The NFM programme will help us achieve this target.

We want people and places to make greater use of nature-based solutions. This will help enhance flood and coast resilience and nature recovery as set out in the FCERM Strategy Roadmap to 2026.

The programme aims

The programme aims to:

• reduce local flood risk using NFM
• provide wider benefits to the environment, nature and society
• accelerate new and existing opportunities for NFM delivery and financing
• further improve evidence of NFM by filling knowledge gaps

Eligible NFM measures include:  

• soil and land management 
• river and floodplain management 
• woodland management 
• run-off management  
• coast and estuary management

You can find out more in the NFM prospectus.

40 projects to receive funding

We invited applications from a wide range of groups, including: 

• farmers 
• landowners 
• environmental non-governmental organisations (including wildlife trusts, rivers trusts) 
• catchment groups  
• risk management authorities (including Environment Agency) 

There was huge interest with a wide variety of applications from across England. We independently reviewed these with input from Defra and Natural England technical experts.   

34 projects are ready for implementation  

Thirty-fourWe projectselected business40 casesprojects areto complete. proceed The teams are getting ready to carrythe outnext workstage onof the ground.

NFM programme. These are:

• Brampton 2 Zero CiC: Brampton NFM project  
• Cheshire Wildlife Trust: Meols NFM scheme  
• City of Doncaster Council: Bentley NFM opportunities  
• City of Trees Trust: Crompton Moor Slow the Flow Leaky Dams  
• Community Forest Trust: Whitewell Brook NFM  
• Dorset AONB Partnership (hosted by Dorset Council): West Dorset RiversDorset  
• Rivers & Coastal Streams NFM programme  
• East Mercia Rivers Trust: Field Beck NFM – Holdingham, Sleaford  
• Environment Agency: Climate Resilient Otter Catchment (CROC)  
• Essex County Council: Hockley Woods Leaky Dams  
• FutureHigh LandscapesWeald Trust:AONB MarshamPartnership Valley(hosted by East Sussex County  Council): High Weald AONB NFM partnership  project (Alder Stream)  
• High Weald AONB Partnership (hosted by East Sussex County  Council): High Weald AONB NFM project (Crawley, Stanford Brook)  
• Leicester City Council: Leicester Urban NFM – Willow Brook catchment  
• Lincolnshire County Council: BarrowBuilding BeckFlood chalkResilience streamin restorationthe River Rase catchment  
• Lincolnshire County Council: BuildingBarrow FloodBeck Resiliencechalk instream the River Rase catchment   restoration 
• London Borough of Hillingdon: Pinn Meadows NFM 
• Mersey Rivers Trust: Alt catchment NFM  
• National Trust: CommonNorthey FarmIsland hydrologicalcauseway restorationsaltmarsh management  
• National Trust: NortheySwan IslandBrook causeway saltmarsh management  wetlands  
• National Trust: Poynton and Micker (Norbury) catchment plan (Headwaters)  
• National Trust: Resilientresilient Coledale  
• National Trust: SwanCommon BrookFarm wetlands  hydrological restoration  
• Norfolk County Council: North Attleborough flood alleviation scheme  
• RibbleNorthumberland RiversCounty Council: Alnmouth coastal scheme  
• Nottinghamshire County Council: Cropwell Butler NFM
• Nottinghamshire Wildlife Trust: RibbleSaving Revival:Worksop Clitheroe communityand catchment  Shireoaks through NFM  
• Ribble RiversCatchment Trust:Conservation Trust Ltd.: Ribble Revival: Darwen community catchment  
• Ribble RiversCatchment Trust:Conservation Trust Ltd.: Ribble Revival: Wrea Green community catchment  
• Ribble Catchment Conservation Trust Ltd.: Ribble Revival: Clitheroe community catchment  
• River Waveney Trust: Diss NFM  
• Royal Borough of Greenwich Council: Marsh Dykes and Thamesmead flood alleviation network  
• RSPB: Beneficial Use of Dredged Sediment (BUDS) in the Blackwater Estuary  
• RSPCA: Marsham Valley NFM partnership  
• Severn Rivers Trust: Illey Brook NFM  
• Sidbury Manor Estate: Sidbury Manor Estate and the River Sid catchment  
• South East Rivers Trust: High Weald AONB NFM project (Alder Stream)  
• South Oxfordshire District Council: The Goggs, Watlington NFM scheme  
• Surrey County Council: Ash Ranges NFM  
• The Friends of Cannizaro Park: Cannizaro Park NFM programme  
• Westcountry Rivers Trust: Climateclimate Resilientresilient Mevagissey  
• WyreWoodland River Trust: WyreSmithills CatchmentEstate resilience programme

We are also working with 4 projects to make their business cases stronger. 

These are:

• Environment Agency: Climate Resilient Otter Catchment (CROC)  
• Environment Agency: Middle Brook NFM
• Nottinghamshire County Council: Cropwell Butler NFM2024  
• NottinghamshireWyre WildlifeRiver Trust: SavingWyre WorksopCatchment andresilience Shireoaks through NFMprogramme

A variety of communities and habitats will benefit from these 38 projects across England.  They cover urban to rural, upland to lowland and inland to coastal locations.   

These projects will carry out a mixture of NFM measures at a range of scales.scales Theyand will seek to manage flood risk from a variety of sources including from rivers, surface water and the sea.  

The measures include: 

• new NFM features, such as leaky barriers, wet woodlands, ponds and wetlands – these will help to slow and store high flows,flows in upper catchments, reducing the chance and impact of flooding downstream 
• soil and land management – which will slow and store surface water runoff, while also reducing soil erosion and improving water quality 
• new woodland areas and hedgerows – which will support wetland complexes and the creation of new habitats 
• expansion and enhancement of saltmarsh and sand dune systems - these natural barriers will break wave action and reduce the risk of tidal flooding to local communities

Work will take place on these projects between now and 31 March 2027.  This will involve a range of organisations including:  

• wildlife trusts 
• rivers trusts  
• local authorities working with local communities 
• farmers  
• landowners